breast cancer

Prevention of breast cancer

Breast cancer is a cancer that affects breast tissues and can affect women and men, but it is more prevalent among women.

The signs of a change in the shape of the breast and the appearance of a lump in the breast or the discharge of the nipple or redness of the skin.

In the old days the breast was removed so that the tumor does not spread in the body but today with the development of science it is easy to detect and treat the tumor as I said number of deaths due to breast cancer.

Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that must be treated quickly if it is detected so that the patient’s condition does not deteriorate.

 

Symptoms of breast cancer

The symptoms of breast cancer vary from one patient to another, depending on the severity of the disease like:

• The appearance of a mass in breast tissues is different from the other and is often not painful.

• A change in the shape of the breast as tumors and swelling.

• The temperature of the breast rises in a noticeable way from the rest of the body.

• The tumors and redness of the underarms often appear.

• The discharge of a blood-like nipple.

• Contraction of the breast without the blood coming out of it.

• Redness in skin due to rash.

• If breast pain is not likely to be caused by breast cancer, there may be other health problems.

 

Causes of breast cancer

• Age

A lot of women are more likely to get sick as they age.

• of genetics

Breast cancer can be transmitted through genetic genes, if the mother’s disease after the age of 50 years can move to her daughter.

• Radiation exposure

People who have been exposed to chest radiation to detect lymphoma in childhood are the most susceptible to breast cancer, unlike people who have never been exposed to rumors before.

• Early menstruation

Girls who have started their menstrual cycle before the age of 12 years are more likely to develop breast cancer as with menstruation, female hormones are prevalent in the body such as estrogen which, if increased, affects the breast, So is it for those who continue their menstrual cycle over the age of 55 years.

• Genetic changes

Exposure to carcinogenic substances such as hydrocarbons found in tobacco and charred red meats.

• Delayed reproduction

The higher the delay in childbirth, the higher the proportion of estrogen that negatively affects the breast, the more likely it is to have breast cancer.

• Bad habits

Obesity, weight gain, smoking and alcohol intake are factors that increase the incidence of breast cancer.

• Some types of treatment

such as radiotherapy or taking medication for contraception or hormonal therapy

• Dark Skin

Women with darker skin are more likely to develop breast cancer than women with white skin but this factor is very low.

• Living Place

Women living in industrial cities are more prone to breast cancer than women who live in the countryside because they are exposed to a greater proportion of the bacteria and dust in the atmosphere.

 

Complications of breast cancer

If breast cancer is not treated it causes a lot of complications like:

• The reproduction of cancer cells in the breast and may spread in the whole body such as the brain, liver, and lung, which will affect the functions of these organs and may stop them.

• Redness and inflammation of the skin.

• Deteriorating patient health and can lead to death.

 

Breast cancer treatment

The methods of treating breast cancer vary according to the degree of progression of the disease, the age of the patient, the size and type of the tumor and its access to lymph nodes, Types of treatment:

1. Chemotherapy

is treatment with medications that slow down or stop the multiplication of cancerous tumors and their disadvantages it affects the tissues with natural and rapid reproduction such as blood cells.

It is taken intravenously and not oral and can be extended treatment for several weeks and can be renewed.

Chemotherapy has many side effects like:

• Fatigue and fatigue.

• Head Hair Loss.

• Continuous nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

• Anemia due to the interruption of blood cell reproduction resulting in bleeding.

• Radiotherapy

Radiation therapy destroys cancer cells by directing radiation on the affected area for 5 or 6 days within 5 or 6 weeks.

Side effects of radiation therapy:

• Difficulty in moving the hand due to fluid accumulation.

• Dermatitis especially the place of the wound.

• The occurrence of softer ribs.

• Hormone therapy

Hormone therapy is based on the reduction of estrogen which leads to the multiplication of cancerous tumors and when the estrogen rate decreases, tumors will gradually disappear, and its side effects.

• Irregular menstrual cycle.

• Reduce the proportion of blood platelets in the body.

• Vaginal secretions.

• Frequent treatment leads to uterine cancer.

• Surgical treatment

Surgical treatment is one of the best treatment methods because it is based on the removal of the entire tumor and the surrounding tissues.

Side effects:

• Surgery can cause bleeding.

• Inflammation of the place of surgery and failure to heal easily.

• Pain in the place of surgery may be severe.

• Loss of ability to feel due to nerve injury.